The article considers the essence and developed criteria for comparing the definitions of “assessment”, “analysis”, “performance evaluation”, “performance analysis”, “performance evaluation”. The author proposes a new approach to the definition of efficiency – socio-ecological-economic, which in contrast to the traditional representation, is consistent with modern economic trends and the global imperative of sustainable development.  The author's definition of the category “assessment of socio-environmental and economic efficiency of the organization” was formulated. The methodical approach to the assessment of socio-environmental and economic efficiency of the enterprise based on the factor analysis was developed. For each aspect of efficiency the key indicator was determined. The advantage of the author's approach is the opportunity to establish the relationship between the individual components – to include indicators of the economic aspect in the social and environmental aspects, thereby investigating the relationship between them.