The present study contains the results of a study of the level of financial stability of regional banks. The relevance of assessing the financial stability of this group of banks is due to the peculiarities of the formation of their financial resources, the range of clients and offered banking products, which to a certain extent, may affect the efficiency of banks. The choice of the territorial affiliation of the banks – the objects of research – is determined by the constant reduction in the number of credit institutions in the Southern Federal District, which implies the practical significance of the scientific justification of the factors of such a reduction. The purpose of this study is to quantify the factors of financial stability of the regional banking sector. The methodological basis of the study was the methods of complex analysis of the financial stability of banks, including V. Kromonov's methodology, as well as the author's own coefficients. The materials of the study were the official published financial statements of regional commercial banks for the time period under study. The scientific novelty of the study consists in substantiating the most significant factors of reducing the financial stability of regional banks of the Southern Federal District, classifying regional banks depending on their level of financial stability and the causes of financial problems, justifying the need to introduce additional indicators to assess the level of financial stability of regional banks. The conclusions and recommendations presented in the study can be used by regional credit organizations in the development and improvement of both financial policy as a whole and its individual components.