Road transport is the most important part of the transport infrastructure of the Russian Federation. Road transport plays an important role in the socio-economic development of the country, ensuring the satisfaction of the transport needs of the population and the economy, creating the necessary communication conditions to ensure its territorial integrity and the unity of the economic space. Road transport is of great importance for ensuring the defense capability and national security of the country. It also creates the necessary communication conditions for the use of Russia's advantageous geographical position, providing foreign economic relations and the possibility of integrating the country into the world economic system. The process of cargo transportation is one of the most complex processes associated with transport activities, the organization of which takes significant financial resources of cargo carriers. As with any other process, there are significant challenges that every trucking company faces in the transportation of goods. The article deals with the problems of regulation of the road freight transport market, which ultimately have a negative impact on the state, as they lead to incomplete payment of taxes, non-compliance with legislation, and high accident rates. Shortcomings are revealed and proposals for regulating the market for the transportation of bulky and heavy cargoes are substantiated. Based on the analysis, proposals for the development of the potential of the Russian road freight industry have been formulated.