The role of mortgage lending in the economic development of regions is determined by its influence on stimulating the development of the construction industry, which subsequently leads to an increase in the production of building materials in the regions, employment and income of the population, as well as regional budget revenues. The first part of the article highlights the need for research to assess the level of development of mortgage lending and its role in the economic development of Russian regions. The second part of the paper presents the materials and methods that were used to obtain the scientific results. The third part of the article describes the main results of the research. In particular, it reveals the impact of mortgage lending on GRP growth, primarily through the development of the construction industry and related industries in the regions of the Russian Federation; it also demonstrates a marked differentiation of regions in terms of the level of development of housing mortgage lending, housing construction development, and housing availability. All regions are divided into 8 groups according to the similarity of the level of development of housing mortgage lending and factors affecting its development. The necessity of state support of housing mortgage lending at the regional level of management was substantiated. The models were built to develop a forecast of mortgage lending development taking into account the influence of regional factors. The algorithm for assessing the economic effect of housing mortgage lending is proposed, which can be used to justify the amount of financing of regional housing programs that provide for compensation of mortgage interest to certain categories of citizens. The fourth part of the article summarizes the main results of the work.