This article examines the current state and prospects of Russia's export and import activities in the context of increasing geopolitical risks and economic sanctions. Key macroeconomic indicators influencing foreign trade dynamics are examined, and the geographic and commodity structure of Russian exports and imports is analyzed. The article's key findings can be summarized as follows. The Russian economy is currently experiencing pressure due to slowing growth and high inflation, approaching stagflation. Meanwhile, the industry is in an unstable situation, with extractive industries suffering the most. Compared to 2024, a reduction in trade flows can be noted for January-September 2025, with exports falling by 4.6% and imports by 1%. In continental terms, Russia's largest export market is Asia, followed by Europe by a considerable margin, despite all the sanctions announced against Russia. This trend also applies to imports. Amid increasing sanctions pressure, Russian export-oriented companies faced critical challenges: disrupted supply chains, restricted access to financing and technology, and the loss of traditional markets. However, a significant number of companies were able to maintain export activity and even increase supply volumes. This article presents a ranking of barriers to entering foreign markets and strategic directions for developing and diversifying Russia's international trade relations. The overall conclusion is that Russia's successful participation in international trade requires constant adaptation to changing foreign policy and economic conditions.