Territorial capital is a key factor in the innovative development of regions in the Central Federal District (CFD). Under current conditions, the efficient use of territorial resources determines the competitiveness of regional economies in the socioeconomic development of the regions. In this context, studying territorial capital as a key factor in the innovative development of the Central Federal District's constituent entities is particularly important. Despite the undeniable relevance of this topic, the current level of scientific research does not meet the needs of practical application. Insufficient knowledge of the relationship between territorial capital and the innovative potential of regions in the CFD creates significant obstacles to the effective use of existing resources. The objective of this study is to comprehensively examine and assess the potential of territorial capital in the CFD regions as a foundation for innovative development, as well as to develop practical recommendations for its effective use to enhance the innovative activity of the regions. The theoretical and practical significance of the study's results lies in their potential for improving the management mechanisms for the innovative development of CFD regions. Based on the study, recommendations were formulated to increase the efficiency of territorial capital use and stimulate the innovative development of regions. The study identified the problems and prospects for territorial capital in the regions of the Central Federal District, ways to strengthen interactions between elements of the regional innovation system, and ways to optimise the distribution of innovation resources.