Study of the level of innovation of countries of the world in relation to their expenditures on higher education
Most countries of the world, pursuing the goal of maintaining and accelerating the pace of their innovative development, spend significant funds on science and higher education, thereby creating balanced national innovation and economic systems. To quantify the effectiveness of these expenditures, the article analyzes 132 countries of the Global Innovation Index (GII) ranking. The research revealed
a strong correlation between the amount of public expenditure per student and the level of innovativeness of national economies. The top 20 countries were formed by the amount of expenditure per student and higher education expenditure per citizen of this country. As a result, it was found that the UK, Singapore, Germany, Israel and Japan are the most efficient in spending their funds for these purposes.
While nobody left any comments to this publication.
You can be first.
1. Bakry S. H., (2018). Innovation in higher
education: towards enhancing sustainable development
//The Future of Innovation and Technology
in Education: Policies and Practices for
Teaching and Learning Excellence. – Emerald
Publishing Limited, 2018.
2. Bate A. F., Wachira E. W., Sándor D.,
(2021). The Determinants of Innovation Performance;
An Income Based Cross-Country Comparative
Analysis Using Global Innovation Index
(GII). – 2021.
3. BETA.DATALAB. Goverment finance.
[Электронныйресурс]. – URL: datalab.
usaspending.gov. – (Дата обращения
01.02.2022).
4. Chentukov Y. et al., (2021.) Assessing
the impact of higher education competitiveness on
the level of socio-economic development of a
country //Problems and Perspectives in Management.
– 2021. – Т. 19. – №. 2. – P. 370-383.
5. KaluginV. A., (2013). Theprinciplesand
methods of the appraisal of commercialization
projects of the universities innovations /
V. A. Kalugin, O. S. Pogarskaya, I. Olegovna
Malikhina // World Applied Sciences Journal. –
2013. – Vol. 25. – No 1. – P. 97-105. – DOI
10.5829/idosi.wasj.2013.25.01.7029.
6. Knoema. [Электронный ресурс]. –
URL:knoema.com. – (Дата обращения
01.02.2022).
7. Lavrinenko, Ya. B., & Novikov, A. G.,
(2019). To the question of the need for changes in
the innovative infrastructure of the region in the
conditions of digitalization of the economy. BBC
65.0501 A 43, 203.
8. Levchenko O., Tkachuk O., Tsarenko I.,
(2018). The Role of Universities and their Research
Work in the Generation of Innovation :
дис. – TUKE, 2018.
9. Menna A., Walsh P. R., Ekhtari H.,
(2019). Identifying enablers of innovation in developed
economies: A National Innovation Systems
approach //Journal of Innovation Management.
– 2019. – Т. 7. – №. 1. – P. 108-128.
10. Ministry of Science and Higher Education
of the Russian Federation. Open Data. [Элек-
тронный ресурс]. – URL: minobrnauki.
gov.ru/opendata. – (Дата обращения
01.02.2022).
11. Our World in Data. [Электронный ре-
сурс]. – URL: ourworldindata.org.– (Дата обра-
щения 01.02.2022).
12. Pogarskaya O. S., 2013. University
technology transfer as a key factor in the development
of the Russian Knowledge Economy /
O. S. Pogarskaya // Bulletin of the Belgorod University
of Cooperation, Economics and Law. –
2013. – № 4(48). – Pp. 504-511. (in Russian).
13. Sekuloska J. D., (2014). Higher education
as a pillar in increasing innovation capacities
//Economics and Management. – 2014. – Т. 19. –
№. 3. – Р. 241-247.
14. Sohn S. Y., Kim D. H., Jeon S. Y.,
(2016). Re-evaluation of global innovation index
based on a structural equation model //Technology
Analysis & Strategic Management. – 2016. –
Т. 28. – №. 4. – Р. 492-505.
15. Statista.Global No.1 Business Data Platform.
[Электронный ресурс]. –
URL:www.statista.com– (Дата обращения
01.02.2022).
16. Tinyakova V. I., 2018. Analysis of the
components of the innovative potential of territories
/ V. I. Tinyakova, O. S. Chemeris // City
management: theory and practice. – 2018. –
№ 3(30). – Pp. 48-58 (in Russian).
17. The UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
[Электронный ресурс]. –
URL:data.uis.unesco.org. – (Дата обращения
01.02.2022).
18. Todeva E., (2018). The global innovation
index as a measure of triple helix engagement
//International Triple Helix Summit. – Springer,
Cham, 2018. – Р. 119-134.
19. Udaltsova N. L., 2021. Features of the
formation and development of the innovation system
of Russia in the context of the "Triple helix" /
N. L. Udaltsova, D. A. Krutskikh // Issues of innovative
economy. - 2021. - Vol. 11. - No. 1. - pp.
33-46– - DOI 10.18334/vinec.11.1.111894. (in
Russian).
20. Van Staveren I., (2013). Gender as a
macroeconomic variable //New Frontiers in Feminist
Political Economy. – Routledge, 2013. –
Р. 151-169.
21. World Bank Open Data. [Электронный
ресурс]. – URL: data.worldbank.org. – (Дата об-
ращения 01.02.2022).
22. Zhirnova G. I., Absalyamova S. G.,
(2013). Global innovation gap and quality of education
//2013 International Conference on Interactive
Collaborative Learning (ICL). – IEEE, 2013.
– Р. 144-145.